Gospels (60) - Matthew 26:21-35, Mark 14:18-31, Luke 22:17-38 & John 13-14

Teacher: Rusty Kennedy
Series: Gospels

Rusty's Notes

1) The Kaddeish (Ka-dish): The first cup of wine:
The Cup of Blessing, or, The Cup of Sanctification

2) The Urchatz (Ur-hotz): The washing of the handsCurrent practice: urchatz means "and wash,"

• Fingers dipped into water

 
 The Meaning of Footwashing
John 13:12-20
12 When Jesus had washed their feet and put on His robe, He reclined again and said to them, “Do you know what I have done for you? 13 You call Me Teacher and Lord. This is well said, for I am. 14 So if I, your Lord and Teacher, have washed your feet, you also ought to wash one another’s feet.  15 For I have given you an example that you also should do just as I have done for you.
16 “I assure you: A slave is not greater than his master, and a messenger is not greater than the one who sent him. 17 If you know these things, you are blessed if you do them. 18 I’m not speaking about all of you; I know those I have chosen. But the Scripture must be fulfilled:  The one who eats My bread has raised his heel against Me.
19 “I am telling you now before it happens, so that when it does happen you will believe that I am He.  20 I assure you: Whoever receives anyone I send receives Me, and the one who receives Me receives Him who sent Me.”
 
3) Carpas (Car-pus): The eating of the green vegetableCurrent practice:

• Parsley is similar to hyssop
• Hyssop being used to apply blood over doorpost.
• Dipped in salt water – tears drip off
• God parted salt waters of Red Sea

Matthew 26:20-23 - 20 When evening came, he was reclining at the table with the Twelve. 21 While they were eating, he said, “Truly I tell you, one of you will betray me.”
22 Deeply distressed, each one began to say to him, “Surely not I, Lord?”
23 He replied, “The one who dipped his hand with me in the bowl—he will betray me. [1]
 
Mark 14:20 - 20 He said to them, “It is one of the Twelve—the one who is dipping bread in the bowl with me. [2]
 
Matthew 26:24-26 - 24 The Son of Man will go just as it is written about him, but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would have been better for him if he had not been born.”
25 Judas, his betrayer, replied, “Surely not I, Rabbi?”
“You have said it,” he told him. [3]

• I’ve been at camp all week… You know how many times I have heard, “Whoever smelt it dealt it!”?
• You said it bro!

Luke 22:22-23 - 22 For the Son of Man will go away as it has been determined, but woe to that man by whom he is betrayed!”
23 So they began to argue among themselves which of them it could be who was going to do it. [4]

• Out of order from the 3rd cup (Bob Warren refers to this as “telescoping” to keep the themes together.

 
4) Yachatz (ya-hotz): The breaking of the middle MatzahCurrent practice: Yachatz means “to divide”

• Plate holding 3 loaves of unleavened bread
• Loaves are wrapped together
• Middle loaf is removed and broken in half
• One half is returned
• The other half, “Afikoman”, is wrapped in linen and hidden for later (for use with the 3rd cup – Jesus in the grave 3 days & nights)
• Yachatz is not addressed in Gospels
• 3 loaves – “God the Father, Jesus, the Son & the Holy Spirit.”

 
5) Maggid (Ma-geed): The Passover StoryCurrent practice: Maggid means “telling the story”

• 2nd cup is poured out (10 drops=10 plagues)
• No reference to the Gospels

 
6) Rachtzah (Ra-hotza): Washing of the handsCurrent practice: Rachtzah means “washing”

• Dipping of fingers into water
• No reference to the Gospels

 
7) Motzi (Mot-zee): The blessing of He who brings forth bread from the earthCurrent practice: Motzi means “the bringing forth”

• Blessing on the bread eaten before the main meal
• No reference to the Gospels

 
8) Matzah (Mot-za): The eating of a small piece of the middle matzah and the upper matzahCurrent practice:

• Each participant eats a small piece of the middle and upper matzahs.
• No reference to the Gospels

 
9) Maror (May-roar): Bitter herbsCurrent practice: Maror means “bitter herbs”

• No reference to the Gospels

 
10) Coreich (Cor-rake): The sandwichCurrent practice: Coreich means “combining”

• 2 pieces from bottom matzah with charoset on one piece and maror on the other
• Eaten as a sandwich
• Charoset & maror replaced the lamb
• Eaten with no blessing

John 13:21-30 - 21 When Jesus had said this, he was troubled in his spirit and testified, “Truly I tell you, one of you will betray me.”
22 The disciples started looking at one another—uncertain which one he was speaking about. 23 One of his disciples, the one Jesus loved, was reclining close beside Jesus. 24 Simon Peter motioned to him to find out who it was he was talking about. 25 So he leaned back against Jesus and asked him, “Lord, who is it?”
26 Jesus replied, “He’s the one I give the piece of bread to after I have dipped it.”

• The matzah is dipped into the charoset (ha-ro-set) and referred to as “the sop”
• The first person to receive “the sop” was considered to have been sitting in the place of honor.

When he had dipped the bread, he gave it to Judas, Simon Iscariot’s son. 27 After Judas ate the piece of bread, Satan entered him. So Jesus told him, “What you’re doing, do quickly.”
28 None of those reclining at the table knew why he said this to him. 29 Since Judas kept the money-bag, some thought that Jesus was telling him, “Buy what we need for the festival,” or that he should give something to the poor.
 - The disciples still didn’t have a clue what Judas was getting ready to do.
- The only work that could be done was preparing for the festival meals.
 - Exodus 12:16 - 16 You are to hold a sacred assembly on the first day and another sacred assembly on the seventh day. No work may be done on those days except for preparing what people need to eat—you may do only that. [5]
30 After receiving the piece of bread, he immediately left. And it was night.[6]
 
11) Shulchan (sho-hawn): The eating of the main mealCurrent practice:

• Main meal is eaten (no specific menu)

Luke 22:20 - In the same way he also took the cup after supper…[7]
 
12) Tzafun (sa-foon): The eating of the afikoman; Jesus institutes the Lord’s Supper or CommunionCurrent practice: Tzafun means “the hidden”

• Afikoman is returned to the table.
• Three compartment bag – Trinity
• Afikoman is striped & pierced (Isaiah 53) – this process retards fermentation
• Afikoman hidden (burial) and returned (resurrection)
• Each person receives the size of an olive
• Judas was not present at this point

Luke 22:19 - And he took bread, gave thanks, broke it, gave it to them, and said, “This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”[8]

• This is the only time in the Passover Supper that bread is broken and served.
• Not transubstantiation
• This symbolizes Jesus’ body/life

 
13) Bareich (Ba-ray): The grace said over the third cupCurrent practice: Bareich is the “cup of redemption”

• To the unredeemed Jew the cup points to the future redemption and freedom of the Jews

Luke 22:20 - 20 In the same way he also took the cup after supper and said, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you.[9]
 
Matthew 26:26-29 - 26 As they were eating, Jesus took bread, blessed and broke it, gave it to the disciples, and said, “Take and eat it; this is my body.” 27 Then he took a cup, and after giving thanks, he gave it to them and said, “Drink from it, all of you. 28 For this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins. 29 But I tell you, I will not drink from this fruit of the vine from now on until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s kingdom.”[10]

[1] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Mt 26:20–23). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[2] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Mk 14:20). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[3] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Mt 26:24–25). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[4] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Lk 22:22–23). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[5] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Ex 12:16). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[6] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Jn 13:21–30). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[7] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Lk 22:20). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[8] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Lk 22:19). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[9] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Lk 22:20). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[10] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Mt 26:26–29). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.