63 AD
- Timothy sends word to Paul in Colosse that the Ephesian church is being ravaged by false teachers.

• “There is also a problem with respect to how the widows are being cared for in the church.
• Some of the widows have adopted the heresy, and others have family members who are able to care for them. Still worse, some of the younger widows who decided not to remarry are acting promiscuously.

 
1 Timothy 5
1 Do not rebuke an older man, but exhort him as a father, younger men as brothers, 2 older women as mothers, and with all propriety, the younger women as sisters.

• Much of what Paul advised here involved action based on sensible maturity.[1]
• Timothy was obviously much younger than many in the church at that time.
• Don’t be afraid to have a bold conversation with older men. Be honest and sensitive to them.
• Be kind in your conversations.
• Speak with respect to others.
• Speak without emotion.
• Even a child is wise in how they speak to their parents. When and how...

 
3 Support widows who are genuinely widows.

• A woman whose husband has died and who has no male relative (e.g., a father, brother or son) to support her.[2]
• The other qualifier is one who displayed fruit of the Spirit rather than selfish pleasures.
• God’s special care for the widows is a recurring theme in Scripture (Deut., Ps., Is., & Mal.).
• It was only right that the local church show compassion to these women who were in need.[3]

4 But if any widow has children or grandchildren, they must learn to practice godliness toward their own family first and to repay their parents, for this pleases God.

1. This is a Spirit-led act
2. This is repayment for your own raising
3. This pleases God

5 The real widow, left all alone, has put her hope in God and continues night and day in her petitions and prayers; 6 however, she who is self-indulgent is dead even while she lives.

• It is not so much about specific disciplines as much as it is living out of their true identity.
• Those living by the Spirit vs those living by their flesh.
• This puts the believer/leader in judgment over people.
• Self-indulgent = spiritually dead.

7 Command this also, so they won’t be blamed. 8 But if anyone does not provide for his own, that is his own household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.

• The sense of urgent importance in Paul’s words suggests that widows were causing some of the problems in Ephesus.[4]
• Is there anything worse than an unbeliever?
• Yes! Those who refuse to provide for their family.
• Even unbelievers support their family members.
• This is still within the guidelines of walking by the Spirit or walking in the flesh.

9 No widow should be placed on the official support list unless she is at least 60 years old, has been the wife of one husband, 10 and is well known for good works —that is, if she has brought up children, shown hospitality, washed the saints’ feet, helped the afflicted, and devoted herself to every good work.

• These are a result of the fruit of the Spirit.
• Older women that probably would not remarry and were recognized as serving in the church.
• Marriage statement was the same one associated with elders and deacons in chapter 3.

11 But refuse to enroll younger widows, for when they are drawn away from Christ by desire, they want to marry 12 and will therefore receive condemnation because they have renounced their original pledge.

• Original pledge – First love being Jesus.
• They are pursuing sensual desires more than spiritual desires. (flesh vs spirit).

13 At the same time, they also learn to be idle, going from house to house; they are not only idle, but are also gossips and busybodies, saying things they shouldn’t say.

• Idleness vs serving in the church.
• Entitlement – expectations of the church.

14 Therefore, I want younger women to marry, have children, manage their households, and give the adversary no opportunity to accuse us. 15 For some have already turned away to follow Satan. 16 If any believing woman has widows in her family, she should help them, and the church should not be burdened, so that it can help those who are genuinely widows.

• Some who had pledged a commitment to widowhood were not living as the true widow of vv. 5, 9–10.
• They had abandoned their trust in God.[5]
• “accuse us” – The church will be judged by society.
• Judgement many times comes falsely
• Most the time out of guilt.
• Make the other person look just as bad or worse than you.

 
17 The elders who are good leaders should be considered worthy of an ample honorarium, especially those who work hard at preaching and teaching.

• Elders were a permanent feature of Jewish synagogues. It would have been natural for churches to adopt this office into their congregational government.[6]
• Paul’s practice was to use elders in organizing the churches he founded, not only in Jewish regions but also in Gentile territory (e.g., Acts 14:23).
• Jews would easily have understood this system of organization.
• Gentiles, who knew that local governments were controlled by officials who resembled elders, would not find Paul’s system strange or totally unacceptable.[7]

18 For the Scripture says:
Do not muzzle an ox
while it is treading out the grain, and,
the worker is worthy of his wages.

• Matthew 10:10 - 10 “Don’t take a traveling bag for the road, or an extra shirt, sandals, or a walking stick, for the worker is worthy of his food.” [8]

19 Don’t accept an accusation against an elder unless it is supported by two or three witnesses.

• Hearsay… not good…
• Facebook… not good…
• One person’s testimony may be skewed by a bad experience.
• Know what is actually being taught

20 Publicly rebuke those who sin, so that the rest will also be afraid.

• Those who continue to sin… a chance for correction and repentance?

21 I solemnly charge you before God and Christ Jesus and the elect angels to observe these things without prejudice, doing nothing out of favoritism.

• You put the Gospel in jeopardy with society if you waiver on the Truth.

22 Don’t be too quick to appoint anyone as an elder, and don’t share in the sins of others. Keep yourself pure. 23 Don’t continue drinking only water, but use a little wine because of your stomach and your frequent illnesses.

• Medicinal purposes

24 Some people’s sins are obvious, going before them to judgment, but the sins of others surface later. 25 Likewise, good works are obvious, and those that are not obvious cannot remain hidden.[9]

• Genuine character, like cream, always rises to the top.
• These words represent a warning against hasty rejection.[10]

 
Paul giving clarity to Timothy in organization, leadership, procedures and house cleaning.


[1] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, p. 145). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[2] Barry, J. D., Mangum, D., Brown, D. R., Heiser, M. S., Custis, M., Ritzema, E., … Bomar, D. (2012, 2016). Faithlife Study Bible (1 Ti 5:3). Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press.
[3] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 229). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.
[4] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, p. 148). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[5] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, pp. 152–153). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[6] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, pp. 154–155). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[7] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, p. 155). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[8] The Holy Bible: Holman Christian standard version. (2009). (Mt 10:10). Nashville: Holman Bible Publishers.
[9] The Holy Bible: Holman Christian standard version. (2009). (1 Ti 5). Nashville: Holman Bible Publishers.
[10] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, p. 159). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.

63 AD
- Timothy sends word to Paul in Colosse that the Ephesian church is being ravaged by false teachers.
 
1 Timothy 4
1 Now the Spirit explicitly says (a prophecy that Paul had previously received) that in later times (this was in reference to the “end times” but Paul and Timothy thought they were already living in the end times) some will depart from the faith, paying attention to deceitful spirits and the teachings of demons, 2 through the hypocrisy of liars whose consciences are seared.

• “Depart from the faith” – apostasy
• Let’s look at that section of people who “depart from the faith.”
• Based upon filtering all 66 books, I believe one cannot lose their salvation.
• If that is the case, a mere profession of faith does not guarantee the actual possession of eternal life.[1]
• If they are believers, then they have a season of walking by their flesh.
• Many times you will see believers going in and out living by the Spirit or walking by their flesh.
• Is there a line? Where is the line? I’m not the judge.
• Wiersbe says: “A true church seeks to win converts to Jesus Christ and to build them spiritually; conversely, a cult proselytizes, steals converts from others, and makes them servants (even slaves!) of the leaders of the cult. However, not all apostates are in cults; some of them are in churches and pulpits, teaching false doctrine and leading people astray.”[2]
• The evil ones scheme is to water down the church.
• The evil one loves when we “play church”.
• Because there is definitely no freedom in that.
• I absolutely believed people are getting “saved”
• But at a miniscule rate.
• Imagine if they heard the Good News… and that was it.
• Then we add on all the “ministry teams”, “meetings”, titles (don’t get caught up in titles).
• It’s not about titles or responsibilities. Paul just finished talking about that in Chapter 3.
• We’ve become professional church planters, with good intentions but the wrong purpose.
• The evil one loves this…
• Mediocrity…
• Let’s be honest here… Leavener is not getting much bigger than this group right here.
• I didn’t expect it to be this big.
• When crisis comes, you typically turn your head to me.
• I appreciate the vote of confidence, but the truth is I am not going to meet your needs and I am going to point you back to Jesus every time.
• I get you need your hand held… I need my hand held.
• I have 2 hands… the body of Christ has many.
• You have the same Spirit that I have. The same Spirit that raised Jesus from the dead.
• If we continue to “play church”, we consciously play into the devil’s hand.

3 They forbid marriage and demand abstinence from foods that God created to be received with gratitude by those who believe and know the truth.

• They were demanding celibacy and for young widows to not remarry.
• They were sticking to laws of food that were “clean” and “unclean”

4 For everything created by God is good, and nothing should be rejected if it is received with thanksgiving, 5 since it is sanctified by the word of God and by prayer.
 
6 If you point these things out to the brothers, you will be a good servant of Christ Jesus, nourished by the words of the faith and the good teaching that you have followed.

• This was the life of my brother, Joe Harding.

7 But have nothing to do with irreverent and silly myths. Rather, train yourself in godliness, 8 for
the training of the body has a limited benefit,
but godliness is beneficial in every way,
since it holds promise for the present life
and also for the life to come.

• Joe and his half-priced books.

9 This saying is trustworthy and deserves full acceptance. 10 In fact, we labor and strive for this, because we have put our hope in the living God, who is the Savior of everyone, especially of those who believe.

• He doesn’t say we are going to sit still and do nothing.
• He doesn’t say we are going to do programs either.

 
11 Command and teach these things. 12 Let no one despise your youth; instead, you should be an example to the believers in speech, in conduct, in love, win faith, in purity. 13 Until I come, give your attention to public reading, exhortation, and teaching. 14 Do not neglect the gift that is in you; it was given to you through prophecy, with the laying on of hands by the council of elders. 15 Practice these things; be committed to them, so that your progress may be evident to all. 16 Pay close attention to your life and your teaching; persevere in these things, for by doing this you will save both yourself and your hearers.[3]

• Every Thursday Night for the last 10 years, my friend Joe would greet every person for dinner at 6:30 PM
• We’d pray and eat together as a family (15-40 people)
• At 7:25 he began to pass out questions that had been e-mailed over specific passage of Scripture we were studying.
• At 7:30 we circled around “Father Joe” and he greeted us… “Greetings from the WalMart parking lot.”
• Then he would tell a joke.
• Then we would read the Bible.
• Then we would process what it said by using the questions he prepared in advance.
• Then we would pray for each other.
• My brother modeled 1 Timothy 4.

I can’t wait to hear, “Greetings from heaven…”

[1] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, p. 129). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[2] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 224). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.
[3] The Holy Bible: Holman Christian standard version. (2009). (1 Ti 4:1–16). Nashville: Holman Bible Publishers.

63 AD
- Timothy sends word to Paul in Colosse that the Ephesian church is being ravaged by false teachers.

Crisis in Ephesus
Provocation: In this letter, Paul reminds Timothy how the believers ought to behave themselves in the community (3:15).

• He encourages Timothy to be faithful to his ministry, and exhorts him to combat the proto-gnostic heresy that is spreading like a cancer in Ephesus.
• Paul gives Timothy practical instructions on how to do it.
  • Paul calls for the need to select new overseers (3:1ff) and exhorts the church to give respect to those overseers who are serving well (5:17ff).

 
1 Timothy 3
1 This saying is trustworthy: “If anyone aspires to be an overseer, he desires a noble work.”

• “aspires” – sets their hearts to
• “Delight yourselves in the Lord and He will give you the desires of your heart.” Psalm 37:4
• “Elder” is the translation of the Greek word presbutes, which means “an old man.”[1]
• Probably the overseer served over a single house-church with the group of overseers from within a city constituting “the overseers.”[2]
• This is not a position that one tries to qualify himself for or applies to.
• It is one that comes natural because of character and situation.
• Paul did not take this lightly. He gave 15 qualifications for the role of Pastor/Elder

2 An overseer, therefore, must be above reproach, the husband of one wife, self-controlled, sensible, respectable, hospitable, an able teacher, 3 not addicted to wine, not a bully but gentle, not quarrelsome, not greedy — 4 one who manages his own household competently, having his children under control with all dignity. 5 (If anyone does not know how to manage his own household, how will he take care of God’s church?) 6 He must not be a new convert, or he might become conceited and fall into the condemnation of the Devil. 7 Furthermore, he must have a good reputation among outsiders, so that he does not fall into disgrace and the Devil’s trap.

1. Blameless – “Above reproach” - This word literally means “nothing to take hold upon”

- No man living is sinless, but we must strive to be blameless, or “above reproach
- Criticized publicly.
- Reputation is important
- Protect yourself from criticism

1. The husband of one wife – Paul could be referring to polygamy even though that was a given even to be included in the church.
   • Paul could be talking about being divorced and remarried. But he could have also used the term for divorce.
   • It is better to see Paul having demanded that the church leader be faithful to his one wife.[3]
2. Self-controlled/vigilant – Keep your head in all situations.

                   1. Sensible judgment in all things.
                   2. Cool and collectible

1. Prudent/sober – Serious attitude about certain things.
   • Do not cheapen the Gospel message with a foolish behavior.
   • Trustworthy and sensible
   • Balanced in judgment
2. Respectable – Demands dignity and orderliness in behavior.
   • Orderly outward life is a reflection of inward stability.
3. Hospitable – Necessary as Christians traveled and spread the Gospel message.
   • The task for caring for missionaries and strangers was respectable in both the Christian and Greek cultures.
4. Able teacher – demands competence and skill in communicating Christian truth.
   • One who can teach others needs also a willingness to accept teaching.
   • An overseer needed the ability both to explain Christian doctrine and to refute or oppose error.
5. Not addicted to wine – The word describes a person who sits long with the cup and thus drinks to excess.
   • The fact that Paul advised Timothy to use wine for medicinal purposes (1 Tim. 5:23) indicates that total abstinence was not demanded of believers.
   • Sad to say, some of the members of the Corinthian church got drunk, even at the love feast that accompanied the Lord’s Supper (1 Cor. 11:21).
6. Not a bully but gentle – Paul was actually referring to a physical displays.
   • Do not punch people.
   • Gentle is in reference to compassionate in how you communicate.
7. Not Quarrelsome – Peaceful attitude
   • This was important to combat false teaching
8. Not Greedy – It is possible to use the ministry as an easy way to make money, if a man has no conscience or integrity.
   • Covetous pastors always have “deals” going on outside their churches, and these activities erode their character and hinder their ministry. One who manages his own household completely
9.  Having children under control with all dignity - The verb for “manage” carries the idea of governing, leading, and giving direction to the family.
   • The term demands an effective exercise of authority bolstered by a character of integrity and sensitive compassion.
   • Its use in v. 5 with the verb “take care of” defines the quality of leadership as related more to showing mercy than to delivering ultimatums.
   • It demands primarily a character and manner of discipline that develop a natural respect.
10. Manage the church – A pastor will manage the church just as he does his own family.
11. Not a new convert - it would be important to select leaders with enough maturity to avoid the pitfalls of pride.
    • The danger of appointing a recent convert to a place of leadership is that he may become a victim of conceit that comes with his important new position.
    • To be “conceited” (typhoō) means to be blinded.
    • The pride in a prominent position produces a blindness that blunts spiritual alertness.[4]
12. Good reputation - The “good reputation” is literally a “good witness.”
    • This is an appeal that the church leader have a good name and standing in the wider community.
    • The mention of the leader’s name should not cause flare ups among the opponents of the gospel.
    • The behavior of the leader should provide an example of integrity and commitment to the gospel he professes.[5]

 
8 Deacons,

• The English word deacon is a transliteration of the Greek word diakonos, which simply means “servant.”
• It is likely that the origin of the deacons is recorded in Acts 6.
• The first deacons were appointed to be assistants to the Apostles.
• In a local church today deacons relieve the pastors/elders of other tasks so that they may concentrate on the ministry of the Word, prayer, and spiritual oversight.[6]

likewise, should be worthy of respect, not hypocritical (no gossip), not drinking a lot of wine, not greedy for money, 9 holding the mystery of the faith with a clear conscience. 10 And they must also be tested first; if they prove blameless, then they can serve as deacons. 11 Wives, too, must be worthy of respect, not slanderers, self-controlled, faithful in everything. 12 Deacons must be husbands of one wife, managing their children and their own households competently. 13 For those who have served well as deacons acquire a good standing for themselves, and great boldness in the faith that is in Christ Jesus.

• I do not refer to our people as deacons (other than Luke Dunnuck).
• But I do refer to our people as though they are deacons/servants.
• Tuesday, I was at Discount Tire…

 
14 I write these things to you, hoping to come to you soon. 15 But if I should be delayed, I have written so that you will know how people ought to act in God’s household, which is the church of the living God, the pillar and foundation of the truth. 16 And most certainly, the mystery of godliness is great:
He was manifested in the flesh,
vindicated in the Spirit, (empowered)
seen by angels, (messengers)
preached among the nations,
believed on in the world,
taken up in glory.[7]


[1] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 219). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.
[2] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, p. 109). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[3] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, p. 109). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[4] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, p. 113). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[5] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, p. 114). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[6] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 221). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.
[7] The Holy Bible: Holman Christian standard version. (2009). (1 Ti 3:1–16). Nashville: Holman Bible Publishers.

63 AD
- Timothy sends word to Paul in Colosse that the Ephesian church is being ravaged by false teachers.

Crisis in Ephesus

• Here is what they are teaching:
  • Eve is both a mediator and redeemer figure who pre-existed Adam. (1 Tim 2:5, 13-14)
  • Man came into existence because of a woman, and he was given enlightenment through the woman. Since Eve was the first to take a bite from the Tree of Knowledge, she is the bearer of special spiritual knowledge (called gnosis).
  • Women are called to lead people to the illuminating gnosis which was represented by the Tree of Knowledge. Redemption completely reversed the effects of the Fall so that men are no longer subject to earthly authorities and women are no longer subject to their husbands. (1 Tim 2:9-15)

 

• Those in the Ephesian church who are accepting this heresy prefer the leadership of women over men.
• Male teachers were the first to spread the false doctrine in Ephesus. (1 Tim 1:20; 2 Tim 2:17)
• But it finds fertile ground among the women in the church. (1 Tim 4:7; 2 Tim 3:6-9)
• The homes of the Ephesian women provide a network by which the heresy is spread rapidly through “gossip.” (1 Tim 3:11; 5:13-15)
• Some of the women are teaching the heresy in the church meetings and are lording it over (dominating) the men.
• They have also accepted the ideals of the “new women” of the Roman Empire. They are dressing in an immodest and exploitive way (like that of prostitutes) and are defying other accepted norms regarding marriage and family.
• Under ancient Roman law, you are what you wear. The way that wives dressed in public sent clear signals to men—signals that they were either modest or promiscuous women. As stated earlier, “the new women” of the Roman Empire were liberated married women who pursued their social lives at the expense of their families and who defied previously accepted norms of marriage fidelity and chastity. They were sexually promiscuous and dressed to seduce. Because Paul was a liberator of women, it is not difficult to see that some Christian women associated his views on a woman’s freedom with the immoral ideals of the “new women.” For a detailed discussion on how the women in Ephesus were being influenced by the ideals of the “new women,” see Bruce Winter’s Roman Wives, Roman Widows: The Appearance of New Women and the Pauline Communities (Eerdmans), Chapters 6–7.”

 

• Paul gives Timothy practical instructions on how to do it.
  • One solution is to forbid the women who are peddling the false doctrine from teaching in the meetings.
  • He also addresses the problem of the Ephesian women accepting the ideals of the “new women” in their dress (2:9ff).

 
Excerpt from: Viola, Frank. “Untold Story of the New Testament Church.” Destiny Image, Inc., 2010-03-10. iBooks.
 
1 Timothy 2
1 First of all, then, I urge that petitions, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for everyone,

• “Then” – In reference to the 2 men who had been turned over to Satan because of their lack or repentance.
• He was not outlining church organization, but he was confronting errors and heresies already underway[1]
• “First of all” - Pray

2 for kings and all those who are in authority, so that we may lead a tranquil and quiet life in all godliness and dignity.

• Godless Emperor Nero was on the throne at that time, and yet the believers were supposed to pray for him!
• Even when we cannot respect men or women in authority, we must respect their offices and pray for them.[2]
• Praying for them is for our own good – to live in peace with ourselves.

3 This is good, and it pleases God our Savior,

• Because our lives would be based upon love and respect.
• “I can’t respect…” still focused on you.
• You miss this and you live in torment… not peace.

 
4 who wants everyone to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth.

• The term “all/everyone” in v. 4 must refer to the same group as the reference to “everyone” in v. 1.
• The petitions of v. 1 are to include all human beings, and the objects of Christ’s death must include the same group.
• It would certainly include all persons without distinctions of race or social standing, but it also refers to all persons individually[3]

5 For there is one God
and one mediator between God and humanity,
Christ Jesus, Himself human,

• “Mediator” necessary
• “human” – identifies with us

6 who gave Himself—a ransom for all,
a testimony at the proper time.

• John 3:16 – “For God so loved the world…”

7 For this I was appointed a herald, an apostle (I am telling the truth; I am not lying), and a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth.
 
8 Therefore, I want the men in every place to pray, lifting up holy hands without anger or argument.

• Morally pure hands
• Not in dispute with others.
• Sometimes this is a posture in prayer.
• Our traditional posture of bowing the head, folding the hands, and closing the eyes is nowhere found or commanded in Scripture.
• Actually, there are many prayer postures found in the Bible: standing with outstretched hands (1 Kings 8:22); kneeling (Dan. 6:10); standing (Luke 18:11); sitting (2 Sam. 7:18); bowing the head (Gen. 24:26); lifting the eyes (John 17:1); falling on the ground (Gen. 17:3).
• The important thing is not the posture of the body but the posture of the heart.[4]

 
9 Also, the women are to dress themselves in modest clothing, with decency and good sense, not with elaborate hairstyles, gold, pearls, or expensive apparel, 10 but with good works, as is proper for women who affirm that they worship God.

• Acceptable standards of modesty will vary with place and generation
• Most people can even see through “classy”
• Paul’s point is that genuine faith in God should display itself in holiness.[5]
• He did not forbid the use of nice clothing or ornaments.
• He urged balance and propriety, with the emphasis on modesty and holy character.[6]
• Women will pursue other women.
• Do you want to be pursued because of your style or behavior?
• Do you want to be pursued because of your maturity and wisdom?
• We must never underestimate the important place that godly women played in the ministry of the church.
• The Gospel message had a tremendous impact on them because it affirmed their value before God and their equality in the body of Christ (Gal. 3:28).
• Women had a low place in the Roman world, but the Gospel changed that.
• There were devoted women who ministered to Jesus in the days of His earthly ministry (Luke 8:1–3). They were present at His crucifixion and burial, and it was a woman who first heralded the glorious news of His resurrection. In the Book of Acts we meet Dorcas (Acts 9:36ff), Lydia (Acts 16:14ff), Priscilla (Acts 18:1–3), and godly women in the Berean and Thessalonian churches (Acts 17:4, 12). Paul greeted at least eight women in Romans 16; and Phebe, who carried the Roman epistle to its destination, was a deaconess in a local church (Rom. 16:1).
• Many believing women won their husbands to the Lord and then opened their homes for Christian ministry.[7]

11 A woman should learn in silence with full submission.

• “Silence” is an unfortunate translation because it gives the impression that believing women were never to open their mouths in the assembly.
• This is the same word that is translated “peaceable”[8]
• Paul was not demanding physical silence but a teachable spirit.[9]
• “Submission” – We have made this such a negative term in relation to women. I get it.
• But we have also distorted the idea of “submission”
• It is about the rank of the “role”… not the rank of value or ability.
• You submit every day… if you don’t… you can look at the news and see what happens.
• Submit to what? Those who were in Biblical authority.
• They were being taught freedom with the Gospel but they interpreted that as “freedom with their flesh” rather than “freedom with their spirit”.

12 I do not allow a woman to teach or to have authority over a man; instead, she is to be silent.

• Women are permitted to teach.
• Older women should teach the younger women (Titus 2:3–4).
• Timothy was taught at home by his mother and grandmother (2 Tim. 1:5; 3:15).
• But in their teaching ministry, they must not “lord it over” men.
• There is nothing wrong with a godly woman instructing a man in private (Acts 18:24–28); but she must not assume authority in the church and try to take the place of a man.
• She should exercise “quietness” and help keep order in the church.[10]

13 For Adam was created first, then Eve. 14 And Adam was not deceived, but the woman was deceived and transgressed. 15 But she will be saved through childbearing, if she continues in faith, love, and holiness, with good judgment.[11]

• She will receive fulfillment through her role as a parent in the household.

How I led my youth ministry for years has influenced how I lead Leavener currently.
 
How I lead my family will influence my family to come.

• Chloe

1. How would you describe how your Mom and I manage our family?

• Team
• Make decisions together
• You’re the leader… she is the co-leader
• If you are OK with it then she is OK with it
• Cory and I are the same… OK with it if you are.

 
       2. Who is the teacher?

• Mom is the street teacher – life skills
• Dad is the mental teacher

 
       3. What is the one thing that defines our marriage?

• You take care of each other’s needs

 
       4. What is the one thing I could work on in our marriage?

• Be more caring in the small things.
• You satisfy in the big areas… give encouragement.

 
      5. What would it look like if Mom was the leader?

• Cory and I would get whatever we want.
• Mom satisfies the wants
• Dad satisfies the needs

 
      6. What is the one thing that has been modeled that you want to carry on to your family?

• You care about what we are doing and how we are feeling.
• Even though it is annoying sometimes… a lot of the times.

 
      7. What is the one thing that has been modeled that you don’t want to carry on to your family?

• I probably could answer that better when I am mad

 
      8. Would you say your mom submits to me?

• Yes

 
      9. Is it a bad thing? Why?

• No… not really
• Because it is not unreasonable
• She does it because she loves you & trusts you (huge)
• You don’t have to ask a lot to each other
• If you didn’t trust each other you be miserable.

[1] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, pp. 84–86). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[2] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 215). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.
[3] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, p. 89). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[4] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 216). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.
[5] Barry, J. D., Mangum, D., Brown, D. R., Heiser, M. S., Custis, M., Ritzema, E., … Bomar, D. (2012, 2016). Faithlife Study Bible (1 Ti 2:10). Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press.
[6] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 218). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.
[7] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 218). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.
[8] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 218). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.
[9] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, p. 98). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[10] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 218). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.
[11] The Holy Bible: Holman Christian standard version. (2009). (1 Ti 2:1–15). Nashville: Holman Bible Publishers.

63 AD
- Timothy sends word to Paul in Colosse that the Ephesian church is being ravaged by false teachers.
- Paul meets Timothy in Ephesus and excommunicates two men from the church, Hymenaeus and Alexander.
- These men are blaspheming and teaching that the resurrection has already passed.

• Paul leaves Timothy in Ephesus and instructs him to combat the false teachers in the church who are ambitious to teach the Law (yet know little about it).
• These men are teaching myths that pervert the creation account and they are debating over genealogies. (1 Tim 1:3-7; 2 Tim 4:4)
• Paul heads off to Macedonia.

Crisis in Ephesus

• Despite Timothy’s attempt to re-center the church of Ephesus back on Christ, the problems worsen.
• Paul’s warning to the elders in Ephesus is finally coming to pass.
• Five years earlier he forewarned the Ephesian elders that wolves would penetrate the church and draw disciples after themselves with perverse teachings. (Acts 20:28-30)

• The wolves have appeared in Ephesus.
• The heresy they are teaching is a kind of Jewish proto-gnosticism.
  • (Gnosticism will make its appearance in the second century.
  • According to gnosticism, full salvation comes through special knowledge—gnosis—that only the initiated possess.
  • In Ephesus, an embryonic form of the heresy has emerged.) (1 Tim 6:20)
• Here is what they are teaching:
  • It is a sin to eat meat and to engage in marriage. (1 Tim 4:1-3)
  • Eve is both a mediator and redeemer figure who pre-existed Adam. (1 Tim 2:5, 13-14)
  • Man came into existence because of a woman, and he was given enlightenment through the woman. Since Eve was the first to take a bite from the Tree of Knowledge, she is the bearer of special spiritual knowledge (called gnosis).
  • Women are called to lead people to the illuminating gnosis which was represented by the Tree of Knowledge. Redemption completely reversed the effects of the Fall so that men are no longer subject to earthly authorities and women are no longer subject to their husbands. (1 Tim 2:9-15)
• There is also a problem with respect to how the widows are being cared for in the church. 
• Further, some of the rich brethren in the church are trusting in their riches and are influencing their poorer brethren to desire wealth.
• The church in Ephesus is in crisis and Timothy writes Paul about it.
• Upon hearing the news, Paul wishes to return to Ephesus. But he cannot. So he responds to Timothy by letter.

 
1 Timothy 1:1-20
1 Paul,

• A missionary to the Gentiles and the writer of 13 NT letters. Paul’s ministry is the focus of Acts 13–28.

an apostle of Christ Jesus by the command of God our Savior and of Christ Jesus our hope:

• One commissioned for a particular task and given the authority to carry out the task.
• Having appointed Timothy as leader of the churches in Ephesus, Paul refers to himself as an apostle to remind those under Timothy’s leadership of his authority[1]

2 To Timothy, my true son in the faith.

• Timothy’s father was Greek
• Timothy’s mother was Jewish Christian (taught OT)
• Timothy became a believer in Lystra.
• Began traveling with Paul to Macedonia, Ephesus, Corinth & Asia Minor. Maybe even to Jerusalem.
• Was with Paul during his 1st Roman imprisonment.
• Ended up in Ephesus to deal with chaos.

Grace, mercy, and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord.
 
3 As I urged you when I went to Macedonia, remain in Ephesus

• At least 8 years after Paul’s 3 year stay in Ephesus.

so that you may instruct certain people not to teach different doctrine 4 or to pay attention to myths and endless genealogies.

• Don’t teach theology based upon man.
• Teach the doctrine that we have always taught.
• These false teachers have no good news for lost sinners.
• Instead of producing love, purity, a good conscience, and sincere faith, these novel doctrines were causing division, hypocrisy, and all sorts of problems.
• They seek instead to lead Christians astray and capture them for their causes.[2]
• We have no cause here at Leavener.
• We don’t need you for anything other than building community under the banner of Jesus.

These promote empty speculations rather than God’s plan, which operates by faith. 5 Now the goal of our instruction is love that comes from a pure heart, a good conscience, and a sincere faith.

• Where does a pure heart, good conscience, and a sincere faith come from?
• W. Hendriksen calls the love:
• 1) “a personal delight in God,
• 2) a grateful outgoing of the entire personality to him,
• 3) a deep yearning for the prosperity of his redeemed,
• 4) an earnest desire for the temporal and eternal welfare of his creatures.”[3]

6 Some have deviated from these and turned aside to fruitless discussion. 7 They want to be teachers of the law, although they don’t understand what they are saying or what they are insisting on. 8 But we know that the law is good, provided one uses it legitimately.

• They were leading believers out of the liberty of grace (Gal. 5:1ff) into the bondage of legalism, a tragedy that still occurs today.
• The flesh loves religious legalism because rules and regulations enable a person to appear holy without really having to change his heart.
• Paul listed fourteen kinds of people who were condemned by the Law [4]

9 We know that the law is not meant for a righteous person, but for the lawless and rebellious, for the ungodly and sinful, for the unholy and irreverent, for those who kill their fathers and mothers, for murderers, 10 for the sexually immoral and homosexuals, for kidnappers, liars, perjurers, and for whatever else is contrary to the sound teaching 11 based on the glorious gospel of the blessed God, which was entrusted to me.

• The lawful use of the Law is to expose, restrain, and convict the lawless.
• The Law cannot save lost sinners (Gal. 2:21; 3:21–29); it can only reveal their need for a Savior.
• When a sinner believes on Jesus Christ, he is freed from the curse of the Law (Gal. 3:10–14);
• and the righteous demands of the Law are met by the indwelling Holy Spirit as a believer yields to God (Rom. 8:1–4).[5]

 
12 I give thanks to Christ Jesus our Lord who has strengthened me, because He considered me faithful, appointing me to the ministry— 13 one who was formerly a blasphemer, a persecutor, and an arrogant man. But I received mercy because I acted out of ignorance in unbelief. 14 And the grace of our Lord overflowed, along with the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus. 15 This saying is trustworthy and deserving of full acceptance: “Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners” —and I am the worst of them. 16 But I received mercy for this reason, so that in me, the worst of them, Christ Jesus might demonstrate His extraordinary patience as an example to those who would believe in Him for eternal life. 17 Now to the King eternal, immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.
 
18 Timothy, my son, I am giving you this instruction in keeping with the prophecies previously made about you, so that by them you may strongly engage in battle, 19 having faith and a good conscience. Some have rejected these and have suffered the shipwreck of their faith. 20 Hymenaeus and Alexander are among them, and I have delivered them to Satan, so that they may be taught not to blaspheme.[6]

• They will not repent, so Paul has no other choice but to put them out of the church because they are damaging the faith of some of the believers. (1 Tim 1:20; 2 Tim 2:17-18)

[1] Barry, J. D., Mangum, D., Brown, D. R., Heiser, M. S., Custis, M., Ritzema, E., … Bomar, D. (2012, 2016). Faithlife Study Bible (1 Ti 1:1). Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press.
[2] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 211). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.
[3] Lea, T. D., & Griffin, H. P. (1992). 1, 2 Timothy, Titus (Vol. 34, p. 68). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
[4] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 211). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.
[5] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 211). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.
[6] The Holy Bible: Holman Christian standard version. (2009). (1 Ti 1:1–20). Nashville: Holman Bible Publishers.