Gospels (47) - Matthew 21:1-17, Mark 11:1-11, Luke 19:28-44 & John 11:55 – 12:19

Teacher: Rusty Kennedy
Series: Gospels

Rusty's Notes

Luke 19
THE TRIUMPHAL ENTRY
28 When he had said these things, he went on ahead, going up to Jerusalem.[1]
 
John 11
55 Now the Jewish Passover was near,
 - This was the 4th Passover mentioned in Jesus’ public ministry.
and many went up to Jerusalem from the country to purify themselves before the Passover. 56 They were looking for Jesus and asking one another as they stood in the temple: “What do you think? He won’t come to the festival, will he?” 57 The chief priests and the Pharisees had given orders that if anyone knew where he was, he should report it so that they could arrest him.

• The last thing the Pharisees wanted to do was to have a trial during the Passover Festival.
• The last thing Satan wanted was for Jesus to be crucified on the Passover.

 
THE ANOINTING AT BETHANY
12 Six days before the Passover, Jesus came to Bethany where Lazarus was, the one Jesus had raised from the dead.[2]

• 8th Day of the month of Nisan in 30 AD.
• 1 week before the crucifixion

 
THE DECISION TO KILL LAZARUS
9 Then a large crowd of the Jews learned he was there. They came not only because of Jesus but also to see Lazarus, the one he had raised from the dead. 10 But the chief priests had decided to kill Lazarus also, 11 because he was the reason many of the Jews were deserting them and believing in Jesus.[3]

• Couldn’t Jesus have raised Lazarus from the dead again?
• Sometimes you get into a mess so deep that you can’t even think reasonably.

 
Exodus 12
1 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt: 2 “This month is to be the beginning of months for you; it is the first month of your year.
 - Abib – Nisan

• Deuteronomy – 16:1 - “Set aside the month of Abib and observe the Passover to the Lord your God, because the Lord your God brought you out of Egypt by night in the month of Abib.[4]
• After the Babylonian captivity in 586 BC
• Esther 3:7 - In the first month, the month of Nisan,[5]

 
In Jewish history and tradition

• 1 Nisan (circa 3761 BCE) – Creation of the Universe according to Rabbi Joshua's opinion in the Talmud (Rosh Hashanah 10b-11a)..
• 1 Nisan (circa 1638 BCE) – Death of Abraham according to the Talmud
• 1 Nisan (circa 1533 BCE) – Death of Isaac according to the Talmud
• 1 Nisan (circa 1506 BCE) – Death of Jacob according to the Talmud
• 7 Nisan (circa 1416 BCE) – Joshua sends two spies to Jericho.
• 10 Nisan (circa 1417 BCE) – Death of Miriam, 39 years after the Exodus.
• 10 Nisan (circa 1416 BCE) – The Israelites cross the Jordan river into Canaan (Joshua 4)
• 13 Nisan (circa 474 BCE) – Haman's decree to annihilate the Jews is passed.
• 15 Nisan (circa 1713 BCE) – Birth of Isaac
• 15 Nisan (circa 1456 BCE) – The Exodus from Egypt
• 15 Nisan (474 BCE) – Esther appears before Achashverosh unsummoned and invites him and Haman to a feast to be held the same day. During the feast she requests that the king and Haman attend a second feast the next day.
• 16 Nisan (circa 1273 BCE) – The Children of Israel stop eating Manna, six days after entering the Holy Land.
• 16 Nisan (circa 474 BCE) – Esther's second feast during which she accuses Haman regarding his plot to annihilate her nation. Achashverosh orders his servants to hang Haman.
• 17 Nisan (circa 24th century BCE) – Noah's Ark came to rest on mountains of Ararat[3]
• 17 Nisan (circa 474 BCE) – Haman hanged after Queen Esther's second drinking party.
• 21 Nisan (circa 1456 BCE) – The sea splits, allowing Israel to escape the Egyptian army.
• 26 Nisan (circa 1386 BCE) – Death of Joshua
• 28 Nisan (circa 1415 BCE) – Conquest of Jericho by Joshua (Book of Joshua ch. 6).

 
In the New Testament[edit]

• 8 Nisan – Jesus was anointed at Bethany by Mary (John 12:1)
• 10 Nisan – Jesus triumphantly entered Jerusalem (John 12:12)
• 14 Nisan – After Jesus celebrated the Passover, Jesus was crucified (Leviticus 23:5 says Passover is Nisan 14)
• 16 Nisan – (Morning of the third day) Jesus rose from the dead (John 20:1,9)

3 Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month they must each select an animal of the flock according to their fathers’ families, one animal per family. 4 If the household is too small for a whole animal, that person and the neighbor nearest his house are to select one based on the combined number of people; you should apportion the animal according to what each will eat. 5 You must have an unblemished animal, a year-old male; you may take it from either the sheep or the goats. 6 You are to keep it until the fourteenth day of this month; then the whole assembly of the community of Israel will slaughter the animals at twilight.[6]
 
7 They must take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and the lintel of the houses where they eat them. 8 They are to eat the meat that night; they should eat it, roasted over the fire along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. 9 Do not eat any of it raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over fire—its head as well as its legs and inner organs. 10 You must not leave any of it until morning; any part of it left until morning you must burn. 11 Here is how you must eat it: You must be dressed for travel, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. You are to eat it in a hurry; it is the Lord’s Passover.
12 “I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night and strike every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, both people and animals. I am the Lord; I will execute judgments against all the gods of Egypt. 13 The blood on the houses where you are staying will be a distinguishing mark for you; when I see the blood, I will pass over you. No plague will be among you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.
14 “This day is to be a memorial for you, and you must celebrate it as a festival to the Lord. You are to celebrate it throughout your generations as a permanent statute.[7]
 
Matthew 21
1 When they approached Jerusalem and came to Bethphage at the Mount of Olives, Jesus then sent two disciples, 2 telling them, “Go into the village ahead of you. At once you will find a donkey tied there with her foal. Untie them and bring them to me. 3 If anyone says anything to you, say that the Lord needs them, and he will send them at once.”
4 This took place so that what was spoken through the prophet might be fulfilled:
5 Tell Daughter Zion,
“See, your King is coming to you,
gentle, and mounted on a donkey,
and on a colt,
the foal of a donkey.”

• 500 years earlier…
• Zechariah 9:9 - Rejoice greatly, Daughter Zion!

Shout in triumph, Daughter Jerusalem!
Look, your King is coming to you;
he is righteous and victorious,
humble and riding on a donkey,
on a colt, the foal of a donkey.[8]
 
6 The disciples went and did just as Jesus directed them. 7 They brought the donkey and its foal; then they laid their clothes on them, and he sat on them.

• Jesus sat down on the donkey and it’s foal
• This colt had never been ridden.
• Mark 11:2 - and told them, “Go into the village ahead of you. As soon as you enter it, you will find a colt tied there, on which no one has ever sat. Untie it and bring it. [9]

8 A very large crowd spread their clothes on the road; others were cutting branches from the trees and spreading them on the road. 9 Then the crowds who went ahead of him and those who followed shouted:
Hosanna to the Son of David!
Blessed is he who comes in the name
of the Lord!
Hosanna in the highest heaven!

• Psalm 118
• This is what the rabbis taught would be said when the Messiah comes.
• They are proclaiming Jesus is the Messiah.
• Do they believe it?

10 When he entered Jerusalem, the whole city was in an uproar, saying, “Who is this?” 11 The crowds were saying, “This is the prophet Jesus from Nazareth in Galilee.” [10]
 
John 12:17-19 - Meanwhile, the crowd, which had been with him when he called Lazarus out of the tomb and raised him from the dead, continued to testify. 18 This is also why the crowd met him, because they heard he had done this sign. 19 Then the Pharisees said to one another, “You see? You’ve accomplished nothing. Look, the world has gone after him!”[11]
 

• Cleansing of the Temple was the next day.
• Not in chronological order.

Matthew 21
CHILDREN PRAISE JESUS
14 The blind and the lame came to him in the temple, and he healed them. 15 When the chief priests and the scribes saw the wonders that he did and the children shouting in the temple, “Hosanna to the Son of David!” they were indignant 16 and said to him, “Do you hear what these children are saying?”
Jesus replied, “Yes, have you never read:
You have prepared praise
from the mouths of infants and nursing babies?”
17 Then he left them, went out of the city to Bethany, and spent the night there. [12]
 
Mark 11
1 When they approached Jerusalem, at Bethphage and Bethany near the Mount of Olives, he sent two of his disciples 2 and told them, “Go into the village ahead of you. As soon as you enter it, you will find a colt tied there, on which no one has ever sat. Untie it and bring it. 3 If anyone says to you, ‘Why are you doing this?’ say, ‘The Lord needs it and will send it back here right away.’”
4 So they went and found a colt outside in the street, tied by a door. They untied it, 5 and some of those standing there said to them, “What are you doing, untying the colt?” 6 They answered them just as Jesus had said; so they let them go.
7 They brought the donkey to Jesus and threw their clothes on it, and he sat on it. 8 Many people spread their clothes on the road, and others spread leafy branches cut from the fields. 9 Those who went ahead and those who followed shouted:
Hosanna!
Blessed is he who comes
in the name of the Lord!
10 Blessed is the coming kingdom
of our father David!
Hosanna in the highest heaven!
11 He went into Jerusalem and into the temple. After looking around at everything, since it was already late, he went out to Bethany with the Twelve.[13]
 
Luke 19
29 As he approached Bethphage and Bethany, at the place called the Mount of Olives, he sent two of the disciples 30 and said, “Go into the village ahead of you. As you enter it, you will find a young donkey tied there, on which no one has ever sat. Untie it and bring it. 31 If anyone asks you, ‘Why are you untying it?’ say this: ‘The Lord needs it.’”
32 So those who were sent left and found it just as he had told them. 33 As they were untying the young donkey, its owners said to them, “Why are you untying the donkey?”
34 “The Lord needs it,” they said. 35 Then they brought it to Jesus, and after throwing their clothes on the donkey, they helped Jesus get on it. 36 As he was going along, they were spreading their clothes on the road. 37 Now he came near the path down the Mount of Olives, and the whole crowd of the disciples began to praise God joyfully with a loud voice for all the miracles they had seen:
38 Blessed is the King who comes
in the name of the Lord.
Peace in heaven
and glory in the highest heaven!
39 Some of the Pharisees from the crowd told him, “Teacher, rebuke your disciples.”
40 He answered, “I tell you, if they were to keep silent, the stones would cry out.”
 
JESUS’S LOVE FOR JERUSALEM
41 As he approached and saw the city, he wept for it, 42 saying, “If you knew this day what would bring peace—but now it is hidden from your eyes. 43 For the days will come on you when your enemies will build a barricade around you, surround you, and hem you in on every side. 44 They will crush you and your children among you to the ground, and they will not leave one stone on another in your midst, because you did not recognize the time when God visited you.”[14]

[1] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Lk 19:1–28). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[2] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Jn 11:55–12:1). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[3] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Jn 12:9–11). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[4] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Dt 16:1). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[5] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Es 3:7). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[6] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Ex 12:1–6). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[7] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Ex 12:7–14). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[8] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Zec 9:9). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[9] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Mk 11:2). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[10] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Mt 21:1–11). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[11] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Jn 12:12–19). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers
[12] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Mt 21:14–17). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[13] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Mk 11:1–11). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
[14] Christian Standard Bible. (2017). (Lk 19:29–44). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.