Teacher: Rusty Kennedy Series: Bible Stories |
Rusty's Notes
- Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers & Deuteronomy
- 10 Commandments w/ hand illustrations
- 10 Commandments – Caused people to sin more
- Romans 5:20-21 - 20 The law came along to multiply the trespass. But where sin multiplied, grace multiplied even more 21 so that, just as sin reigned in death, so also grace will reign through righteousness, resulting in eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord. [1]
- Even though you have learned the 10 commandments, it was not necessary because now we have the Spirit living in us.
- The Law was not given to us:
o Romans 2: 12 All those who sinned without the law will also perish without the law, and all those who sinned under the law will be judged by the law. 13 For the hearers of the law are not righteous before God, but the doers of the law will be declared righteous. 14 So, when Gentiles, who do not have the law, instinctively do what the law demands, they are a law to themselves even though they do not have the law. 15 They show that the work of the law is written on their hearts. Their consciences confirm this. Their competing thoughts will either accuse or excuse them 16 on the day when God judges what people have kept secret, according to my gospel through Christ Jesus. [2]
Exodus 32:25 - Moses saw that the people were out of control, for Aaron had let them get out of control, resulting in weakness before their enemies. 26 And Moses stood at the camp’s entrance and said, “Whoever is for the Lord, come to me.” And all the Levites gathered around him. 27 He told them, “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says, ‘Every man fasten his sword to his side; go back and forth through the camp from entrance to entrance, and each of you kill his brother, his friend, and his neighbor.’” 28 The Levites did as Moses commanded, and about 3,000 men fell dead that day among the people. 29 Afterward Moses said, “Today you have been dedicated to the Lord, since each man went against his son and his brother. Therefore you have brought a blessing on yourselves today.”[3]
[1] The Holy Bible: Holman Christian standard version. (2009). (Ro 5:20–21). Nashville: Holman Bible Publishers.
[2] The Holy Bible: Holman Christian standard version. (2009). (Ro 2:12–16). Nashville: Holman Bible Publishers.
[3] The Holy Bible: Holman Christian standard version. (2009). (Ex 32:25–29). Nashville: Holman Bible Publishers.
Leviticus
- Offerings from the people
o Chapter 1 – Burnt Offering
o Chapter 2 – Grain Offering
o Chapter 3 – Peace Offering
o Chapter 4 – Sin Offering
o Chapter 5 – Guilt Offering
- The Regulations
o Chapter 6 – Priestly Rules
o Chapter 7 – Priestly Portions
- Institution of the Priesthood
o Chapter 8 – Aaron’s ordination
o Chapter 9 – Priest’s Ministry
o Chapter 10 – Nadab & Abihu
- Uncleanness & Treatment
o Chapter 11 – Unclean Food
o Chapter 12 – After Childbirth
- Diseases & Discharges
o Chapter 13 – Skin Diseases
o Chapter 14 – Skin Cleansing
o Chapter 15 – Bodily Discharges
- Holiness Code
o Chapter 16 – Day of Atonement
o Chapter 17 – Sacrifice & Food
o Chapter 18 – Sexual Behavior
o Chapter 19 – Personal Conduct
o Chapter 20 – Serious Crimes
- General Rules
o Chapter 21 – Rules for Priests
o Chapter 22 – Unworthy Offerings
o Chapter 23 – The Festivals
- Pleasing a Holy God
o Chapter 24 – Eye for an Eye
o Chapter 25 – The Year of Jubilee
o Chapter 26 – Reward for Obedience
o Chapter 27 – Vows to the Lord
Numbers
- Census & Arrangement of Tribes
o Chapter 1 – Census of Warriors
o Chapter 2 – Positioning the Tribes
o Chapter 3 – Census of Levites
o Chapter 4 – Levite Duties
- The Regulations
o Chapter 5 – Purity of the Camp
o Chapter 6 – Priestly Blessing
o Chapter 7 – Tabernacle Offerings
o Chapter 8 – Levites Dedicated
o Chapter 9 – Second Passover
o Chapter 10 – Israelites Leave Sinai
- Desert Journey
o Chapter 11 – The 70 Leaders
o Chapter 12 – Miriam’s Leprosy
o Chapter 13 – Caleb’s Report
o Chapter 14 – 40 Years Punishment
- Regulations & Challenges
o Chapter 15 – Offering Rules
o Chapter 16 – Lord’s Wrath
o Chapter 17 – Aaron’s Staff
- Duties of Levites
o Chapter 18 – Levite Offerings
o Chapter 19 – Water of Purification
- Desert Journey
o Chapter 20 – Moses’ Failure
o Chapter 21 – The Bronze Snake
o Chapter 22 – Balaam’s Donkey
o Chapter 23 – Balaam’s Blessings
o Chapter 24 – Balak & Balaam
o Chapter 25 – Moab’s Seduction
- Census & Rules
o Chapter 26 – Second Census
o Chapter 27 – Joshua Appointed
o Chapter 28 – Feast of Weeks
o Chapter 29 – Feast of Tabernacles
o Chapter 30 – Family Vows
- At the Edge of the Promised Land
o Chapter 31 – Midian’s Battle
o Chapter 32 – Transjordan Tribes
o Chapter 33 – Israel’s Journey
- Regulations for Settlement in Canaan
o Chapter 34 – Boundaries of Canaan
o Chapter 35 – Levite Towns
o Chapter 36 – Inheritance Rules
Deuteronomy
- Learning from the Past
o Chapter 1 – Rebellion
o Chapter 2 – Wilderness Years
o Chapter 3 – Moses & Canaan
- Moses Exhorts Israel
o Chapter 4 – Call to Obedience
o Chapter 5 – The Ten Commandments
o Chapter 6 – Love God
o Chapter 7 – Defeat the Enemy
- Rules for Living
o Chapter 8 – Remember & Obey
o Chapter 9 – Victory by Grace
o Chapter 10 – Fear God
o Chapter 11 – Love & Obey
- The Worship of God
o Chapter 12 – Place for Worship
o Chapter 13 – Idolatry Warning
o Chapter 14 – Tithes
o Chapter 15 – Sabbatical Year
- The Leadership of the People
o Chapter 16 – God’s Festivals
o Chapter 17 – Rules for a King
o Chapter 18 – The True Prophet
o Chapter 19 – Criminal Laws
o Chapter 20 – Rules for Warfare
- The Individual & the Community Life
o Chapter 21 – Social Laws
o Chapter 22 – Sexual Purity
o Chapter 23 – Worship Rules
o Chapter 24 – Protecting the Weak
o Chapter 25 – Honesty
o Chapter 26 – Firstfruits & Tithes
- The Covenant Renewal
o Chapter 27 – Mt. Ebal Curses
o Chapter 28 – Blessing & Curse
o Chapter 29 – Covenant Review
o Chapter 30 – Life or Death
- The End of Moses’ Life
o Chapter 31 – Joshua Appointed
o Chapter 32 – Song of Moses
o Chapter 33 – Final Blessings
o Chapter 34 – Death of Moses
Leviticus
- Portrays the rituals that priests must regulate and perform to maintain God’s presence with His people.
- Primarily concerned with sacrifice and regulations for maintaining holiness.
- Referred to as the “priests’ law,” “priests’ book,” and “the law of the offerings” in the Mishnah.[1]
- 1-16 - Is written to Moses for Aaron and the priests on how to carry out sacrifices and rituals among the people and in interacting with the Tabernacle.
- 17-27 – Is written for the people on how to retain and maintain holiness. (Holiness Code)
- Leviticus portrayed the geographical bounds of sacred space. The tabernacle has three graded zones:
1. An outermost zone reserved for the common Israelite.[2] (Chapters 1-17)
2. An intermediate “priest only” holy zone (the Priestly Court). (Chapters 18-20)
3. The innermost holy place (holy of holies). (Chapters 25-27)
Numbers
- Recounts the historic events of Israel’s experience with her God, Yahweh, from her time at Mount Sinai until her arrival at the plains of Moab.
- The purpose of the book is that it sets many of the patterns of worship and behavior that would be necessary when they inhabited the promised land.
- More specifically, it provides historic examples of the consequences for unfaithfulness and ungratefulness for Yahweh’s provision for them.[3]
- Reasons for its name: There are two censuses in the book, one in chapters 1–4, and the other in chapter 26.
- The first records a census of the generation that covenanted with Yahweh at Mount Sinai, the exodus generation.
- It records the number of the men 20 years or older—men who were of fighting age—from every tribe but Levi (Num 1:2–54).
- The same is true of the second census (26:1–65) with the exception that everyone from the generation was dead, except Caleb and Joshua.[4]
- 38 years in the wilderness
- These rebellion accounts share a common structure with the murmuring traditions in the book of Exodus.
1. The people rebel or complain.
2. God replies to the rebellion or complaint.
3. Divine judgment follows.
4. Moses intercedes.
5. The judgment ends.
6. The people then name the site of the rebellion and judgment with a name that commemorates the event [5]
- Caleb sent to scout the Promise Land that was flowing with milk and honey.
- Caleb was ready but the rest of the men were not.
Deuteronomy
- Presents a summary of the narrative of Exodus-Numbers and reiterates laws and regulations found in Exodus, Leviticus, and Numbers.[6]
- Deuteronomy = “Copy of the Law”
- Deuteronomy’s teaching and wording gave shape to the message of the earlier prophets: Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings.
- These books share a unified history and theology and have many similarities in theme and content with the book of Deuteronomy.
- It also had a major impact on the message of the later prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the 12 Minor Prophets with their strong condemnation on idolatry and the choice of Jerusalem for the worship of God.
- When Jesus was tempted by the evil one, He three times appealed to the words of Deuteronomy as His authoritative response (8:3; 6:16; 6:13).
- Deuteronomy is quoted or alluded to almost 200 times elsewhere in the New Testament.[7]
- There are three different approaches commonly used to explain the structure of Deuteronomy:
1. Deuteronomy consists of three farewell speeches of Moses.
2. Deuteronomy is an exposition on each of the Ten Commandments in order.
3. Deuteronomy is modeled after ancient Near Eastern treaties.[8]
Here are the take aways from these 3 books:
1. God clearly shows the cycle of sin, judgment, consequences, repentance and renewal.
2. God clearly shows that man is not capable of maintaining holiness on his own.
3. God redeemed his people from the physical bondage of the Egyptians
4. God lead his people to a Canaan Rest but they could never enter.
Canaan Rest – Rest that came with trusting God to overcome the enemy.
[1] Mooney, D. J. (2012, 2013, 2014, 2015). Leviticus, Book of. In J. D. Barry, D. Bomar, D. R. Brown, R. Klippenstein, D. Mangum, C. Sinclair Wolcott, … W. Widder (Eds.), The Lexham Bible Dictionary. Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press.
[2] Mooney, D. J. (2012, 2013, 2014, 2015). Leviticus, Book of. In J. D. Barry, D. Bomar, D. R. Brown, R. Klippenstein, D. Mangum, C. Sinclair Wolcott, … W. Widder (Eds.), The Lexham Bible Dictionary. Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press.
[3] Watson, G. (2012, 2013, 2014, 2015). Numbers, Book of. In J. D. Barry, D. Bomar, D. R. Brown, R. Klippenstein, D. Mangum, C. Sinclair Wolcott, … W. Widder (Eds.), The Lexham Bible Dictionary. Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press.
[4] Watson, G. (2012, 2013, 2014, 2015). Numbers, Book of. In J. D. Barry, D. Bomar, D. R. Brown, R. Klippenstein, D. Mangum, C. Sinclair Wolcott, … W. Widder (Eds.), The Lexham Bible Dictionary. Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press.
[5] Watson, G. (2012, 2013, 2014, 2015). Numbers, Book of. In J. D. Barry, D. Bomar, D. R. Brown, R. Klippenstein, D. Mangum, C. Sinclair Wolcott, … W. Widder (Eds.), The Lexham Bible Dictionary. Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press.
[6] Walter C. Kaiser, J. (2012, 2013, 2014, 2015). Deuteronomy, Book of. In J. D. Barry, D. Bomar, D. R. Brown, R. Klippenstein, D. Mangum, C. Sinclair Wolcott, … W. Widder (Eds.), The Lexham Bible Dictionary. Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press.
[7] Walter C. Kaiser, J. (2012, 2013, 2014, 2015). Deuteronomy, Book of. In J. D. Barry, D. Bomar, D. R. Brown, R. Klippenstein, D. Mangum, C. Sinclair Wolcott, … W. Widder (Eds.), The Lexham Bible Dictionary. Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press.
[8] Walter C. Kaiser, J. (2012, 2013, 2014, 2015). Deuteronomy, Book of. In J. D. Barry, D. Bomar, D. R. Brown, R. Klippenstein, D. Mangum, C. Sinclair Wolcott, … W. Widder (Eds.), The Lexham Bible Dictionary. Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press.